What best describes the interference caused by lysosome dysfunction in Tay-Sachs disease?

In Tay-Sachs disease, there is a specific dysfunction in lysosomes due to a deficiency in the enzyme hexosaminidase A. This enzyme is crucial for the breakdown of certain fatty substances in the brain and nerve cells. When this enzyme is not sufficiently active, the fatty substances accumulate within the lysosomes, leading to cell damage and dysfunction.

The correct answer highlights this accumulation of waste, as the unprocessed lipids build up in the cells, particularly in neurons, which contributes to the severe neurological manifestations of the disease. The interference with normal cellular function due to this waste buildup is a hallmark characteristic of Tay-Sachs, leading to a progressive deterioration of motor and cognitive functions.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the situation in Tay-Sachs disease, as there is neither adequate enzyme activity nor improved cellular function, and recovery of cellular function is not possible due to the progressive nature of the disease.